Its stark modern design made it a center of controversy even before it officially opened in 1963. With these materials architect Gordon Bunshaft, working closely with Yale University administrators and the Beinecke family, created the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Beneath this level are two stories which contain the mechanical equipment and large book stack space on the lower level, and another stack space, catalog and reference room, reading room and staff offices arranged around a sunken court designed by Isamu Noguchi on the upper level.Marble, granite, bronze, and glass. Visitors enter from the ground level into a glass-enclosed lobby that reveals the grand exhibition hall that holds the books. The beauty of the library is enhanced by the large open plaza in which it is located. The trusses are made out of of prefabricated, tapered steel crosses which are covered with grey granite on the outside and with precast granite aggregate concrete on the inside. The structure that frames these rectangular blocks consists of Vierendeel trusses, high, and 88′ and 131′ long, which transfer their loads to four massive corner columns. The sleek marble allows for enough light to filter into the interior spaces without damaging the collections. It's "windows," blocked in a consistent linear rhythm along the exterior, consist of white, gray-veined marble panes that are one and one-quarter inches thick and are framed by shaped light gray Vermont Woodbury granite. Made of Vermont marble and granite, bronze and glass, the exterior gives the illusion that the building is completely solid when viewed from the outside. The response became a beautiful choice of classic materials gleaming amongst the neo-Classical and neo-Gothic buildings surrounding the library in the Hewitt University Quadrangle on the campus. The challenge was to provide ample lighting in the interior for people to study and read and to make it a pleasantly habitable space while limiting the amount of light that affects the stored volumes. The main concern that both SOM and Yale University considered in the design of the library was the preservation of the documents within it. The major collections are the General Collection, which are divided into the General Collection of Early Books and Manuscripts and the General Collection of Modern Books and Manuscripts, the Collection of American Literature, the Collection of German Literature, the Collection of Western Americana, and the Osborn Collection of British Literary and Historical Manuscripts. The Beinecke library was a gift from the Beinecke family, and since 1963 has accommodated six major collections in its rare and marvelous structure that coincides with the literary gems it stores, including those from the Rare Book Room. In 1930 these special books were relocated to Rare Book Room collection in the Sterling Memorial Library. Prior to the completion of this project, Yale University placed its rare books on special shelving in Dwight Hall, which was the Old Library in the late 19th century. It was designed by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill/Skidmore, Owings and Merrill and is located in New Haven, Connecticut. Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is the largest building in the world dedicated to the containment and preservation of rare books, manuscripts, and documents.
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